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Aura is a subtype that appears on an enchantment that can be attached to a permanent. Each Aura has the keyword “enchant” followed by what it can be attached to—for example, “enchant creature,” “enchant land,” and so on. When you cast an Aura spell, you choose its target. When the Aura resolves, it’s put onto the battlefield attached to that permanent. The Aura stays there until it’s destroyed or until the permanent it’s attached to leaves the battlefield. If the permanent leaves the battlefield, the Aura card is put into your graveyard.

A keyword ability found on creatures. A creature dealt any amount of damage by a creature with deathtouch is destroyed. Deathtouch has no effect on players or planeswalkers.

A keyword ability found on creatures. Creatures with double strike deal their combat damage twice. When you reach the combat damage step, check to see if any attacking or blocking creatures have first strike or double strike. If so, an extra combat damage step is created just for them. Only creatures with first strike and double strike get to deal combat damage during this step. After that, the normal combat damage step happens. All other attacking and blocking creatures that survived, as well as the ones with double strike, deal combat damage during this second step.

Equipment is a subtype that appears on an artifact that can be attached to a creature. Most Equipment cards have the activated ability “equip” followed by a cost—for example, “Equip {1}.” An equip ability can be activated only any time you could cast a sorcery. When you activate an equip ability, you choose a creature you control as its target. When the ability resolves, the Equipment artifact becomes attached to that creature. The creature is then “equipped.” The Equipment remains attached until it’s destroyed, or until the creature it’s attached to leaves the battlefield, or until you activate the equip ability again and move the Equipment to a new creature.

A keyword ability found on creatures. Creatures with first strike deal all of their combat damage before creatures without first strike or double strike. If any attacking or blocking creatures have first strike or double strike, an extra combat damage step is created just for them. Then the normal combat damage step happens for the rest (and for double strike again).

A keyword ability found on creatures. A creature with flying can be blocked only by creatures with flying or reach.

A keyword ability found on creatures. A creature with haste isn’t affected by summoning sickness. It can attack as soon as it comes under your control, and you can activate its {T} abilities right away.

When a creature you control has lifelink and deals damage, you simultaneously gain that much life.

A creature with reach can block a creature with flying. (A creature with reach can be blocked by any kind of creature.)

Trample allows a creature to deal excess combat damage to the player it’s attacking, even if the creature is blocked. You must assign lethal damage to blocking creatures first. If an attacking creature is blocked but all blockers are gone when damage is assigned, all its damage is assigned to the defending player. Trample does not work on planeswalkers unless the creature has “trample over planeswalkers.”

A keyword ability found on creatures. Creatures with defender can’t attack.

A keyword ability that prevents a permanent or player from being the target of spells or abilities an opponent controls.

A keyword ability found on creatures, artifacts, and other permanents. An indestructible permanent can’t be destroyed by damage or by effects that say “destroy,” but it can still be put into the graveyard for other reasons (such as having 0 toughness).

A creature with menace can’t be blocked except by two or more creatures.

A creature with vigilance doesn’t tap to attack.

This symbol means “tap this permanent” (turn it sideways to show that it has been used). It appears in activation costs. You can’t pay a {T} cost if the card is already tapped, or if it’s a creature that still has summoning sickness.

Some spells say they have an additional cost. To cast such a spell, you must pay both the mana cost in the upper right corner of the card and its additional cost.

Each Aura has “enchant [something]”. When you cast an Aura, you choose its target; it enters attached and stays until destroyed or its permanent leaves the battlefield.

There are five types of basic lands: Plains, Island, Swamp, Mountain, and Forest. Each taps for its associated color. “Basic” is a supertype; other lands are “nonbasic lands.”

The five Magic colors are white, blue, black, red, and green. A card’s color is determined by its mana cost unless stated otherwise.

Lands and most artifacts are colorless. Colorless is not a color.

Creatures deal combat damage by attacking and blocking. Each creature deals combat damage equal to its power during the combat damage step.

You control spells you cast and permanents that enter on your side. Some spells and abilities let you gain control of a permanent (changing its controller).

A cost is something you pay to cast spells or activate abilities. Some spells have additional costs (such as sacrificing a creature).

Countering a spell or ability causes it to have no effect. Countered spells are put into their owners’ graveyards.

Some effects put counters on permanents to mark changes that persist while on the battlefield (e.g., +1/+1 counters).

Damage reduces a player’s life total and destroys creatures. Damage can be dealt to creatures, players, and planeswalkers.

Creatures with defender can’t attack.

To destroy a permanent is to move it from the battlefield to its owner’s graveyard.

To discard, take a card from your hand and put it into your graveyard. If forced to discard, you choose the cards unless stated otherwise.

Creatures with double strike deal combat damage in both the first-strike step and the regular step.

All Auras have this keyword ability, followed by what the Aura can be attached to. “Enchanted [type]” refers to the permanent the Aura is attached to.

Abilities that trigger when something enters the battlefield begin with “When [this] enters the battlefield, …”.

Equipment attaches to creatures you control using its equip ability. It stays attached until moved or it or the creature leaves the battlefield.

Some spells and abilities can exile permanents or cards in other zones. Exiled cards are set apart from the rest of the game.

Creatures with first strike deal combat damage before creatures without it.

A spell with flash can be cast any time you could cast an instant.

A keyword ability found on instants and sorceries. You may cast a card with flashback from your graveyard for its flashback cost; then exile it.

Creatures with flying can be blocked only by creatures with flying or reach.

If you goad a creature, it must attack and must attack a player other than you on its controller’s next combat if able.

Creatures with haste can attack and {T} as soon as they come under your control.

A permanent or player with hexproof can’t be the target of spells or abilities opponents control.

An indestructible permanent can’t be destroyed by damage or effects that say “destroy.”

A permanent leaves the battlefield when it moves to any other zone. If it later returns, it’s treated as a new object with no memory of its previous existence.

Legendary is a supertype. If you control two or more legendary permanents with the same name, choose one and put the rest into the graveyard.

When a permanent with lifelink deals damage, its controller gains that much life.

The magical energy you use to pay for spells and abilities. The five colors are W, U, B, R, and G. Some sources produce colorless mana.

An ability that generates mana. Mana abilities don’t use the stack.

The total amount of mana in a mana cost, regardless of color. For example, {3}{R}{R} has mana value 5.

A creature with menace can’t be blocked except by two or more creatures.

After drawing your opening hand of seven cards, you may mulligan: shuffle your hand into your library and draw seven, then put one card on the bottom for each time you have mulliganed this game.

A person you’re playing against. “An opponent” refers to any of your opponents.

The person who started the game with a card in their deck is that card’s owner. The owner of a token is the player who created it.

A card or token on the battlefield. Permanents remain until they’re destroyed, exiled, sacrificed, or otherwise removed.

Powerful allies you cast during your main phase. Each has loyalty abilities you may activate once each of your turns.

You and your opponents are all players.

Move a card onto the battlefield without casting it (you don’t pay its costs) when instructed by a spell or ability.

A creature with reach can block a creature with flying.

To sacrifice a permanent, you choose one you control of the specified type and put it into its owner’s graveyard.

“Scry N” means look at the top N cards of your library. Put any number on the bottom and the rest back on top in any order.

Randomize the cards in your library.

Damage and abilities come from a spell or permanent—the source. Removing a source doesn’t stop a spell/ability already on the stack.

All types of cards (except lands) are spells while you’re casting them. When they resolve, permanents enter the battlefield, or instants/sorceries go to the graveyard.

Some spells and abilities can create tokens. Tokens are permanents and can be affected like other permanents, but if they leave the battlefield they cease to exist.

When a creature with trample deals damage in combat, it can assign excess damage to the defending player after assigning lethal to blockers.

A creature with vigilance doesn’t tap to attack.

When you see X in a mana cost or activation cost, you choose the number that X stands for as you cast/activate it.

“You” on a spell or ability refers to its current controller.